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Chariots
of Fire (1981)
Cast:Ben Cross (Harold M. Abrahams), Ian Charleson
(Eric Liddell), Nigel Havers (Lord Andrew Lindsay),
Nicholas Farrell (Aubrey Montague), Ian Holm (Sam Mussabini),
John Gielgud (Master of Trinity), Lindsay Anderson (Master
of Caius), Nigel Davenport (Lord Birkenhead), Cheryl
Campbell (Jennie Liddell), Alice Krige (Sybil Gordon),
Dennis Christopher (Charles Paddock), Brad Davis (Jackson
Scholz), Patrick Magee (Lord Cadogan), Peter Egan (Duke
of Sutherland), Struan Rodger (Sandy McGrath), David
Yelland (Prince of Wales), Yves Beneyton (George Andre),
Daniel Gerroll (Henry Stallard)
Crew:Direction
Hugh Hudson, Writing Colin Welland, Producing David
Puttnam, Music Vangelis, Cinematography David Watkin,
Editing Terry Rawlings, Art Direction Roger Hall, Len
Huntingford, Anne Ridley and Andrew Sanders, Costume
Design Milena Canonero, Production Company Allied Stars,
Enigma, Goldcrest Films, Ltd. and Warner Bros., Distributor
20th Century Fox Film Corporation, The Ladd Company
and Warner Bros. Length: 123 minutes
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Academy
Awards:
Won for Best Picture (David Puttnam) · Won for Best
Writing, Screenplay Written Directly for the Screen
(Colin Welland) · Won for Best Costume Design (Milena
Canonero) · Won for Best Music, Original Score (Vangelis)
· Nominated for Best Director (Hugh Hudson) · Nominated
for Best Actor in a Supporting Role (Ian Holm) · Nominated
for Best Film Editing (Terry Rawlings)
Golden Globes:
Won for Best Foreign Film (Great Britain)
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Stories about athletes produced with the appropriate focus
on accomplishment and effort can remind us of the body and
its many glories. To the extent sports movies inspire us while
delivering the necessary goods in spectacles of exertion we
leave theaters happy, reminded of how wonderful it is to be
strong. To the extent such sports movies fail in this endeavor
we suffer through the boredom of training montages and unconvincing
competition at the expense of dramatic threads worthy of interest.
What Chariots of Fire managed to accomplish in its two hour
running time is the telling of an interesting human story
stitched over various sports spectacles and the backdrop of
the world's single largest athletic contest. By telling the
true story of two English runners, one who's devoutly Christian
and the other who's self-consciously Jewish, the movie focuses
on these two men as aspirants to greatness in a difficult
period of national upheaval. But it also interrelates their
struggles into a competition narrative leading up through
the 8th Olympiad of 1924. In the end each man pays for his
accomplishments with considerable personal sacrifice and deepening
moral fortitude.
Of
course none of this goes very far in telling is what we already
know about the film long ago made famous in the opening sequence
of runners striding down a sandy beach. Namely we know Chariots
of Fire on the basis of Vangelis and his electronic score
that has been so gloriously associated with the spiritual
side of sports. What we tend to forget, though, when we consider
the film at all, is its absorbing story of two men battling
for greatness with all the courtesy, dedication and conviction
of gentleman that is so sorely lacking in the professional
athletes of today.
Opening
in 1919 with the new class of Cambridge students being assigned
to their colleges, Harold Abrahams (Ben Cross) is introduced
with a chip on his shoulder. He's a gaunt-faced, arrogant,
quick thinking man ambitiously directed to prove his Jewishness
as a blessing and not a curse in largely Protestant England.
He falls in with an aristocratic group of young athletes,
each of whom is primed for their education and various adventures
on the track.
Lord Andrew Lindsay (Nigel Havers) is the affable hurdler.
Aubrey Montague (Nicholas Farrell) is the steeplechase runner
through whose perspective the story is told. Among them Abrahams
is outstanding but together they begin mounting the necessary
steps to qualify for the 1924 Paris Olympics.
Far away from Cambridge lives Eric Liddell (Ian Charleston),
the so-called fastest man in Scotland and a Christian missionary
who values the Lord's work above his personal accomplishments.
Disagreeing with his sister Jennie (Cheryl Campbell) Liddell
resolves to glory in his missionary work but only after bringing
attention to his church as a Christian runner winning races
in the name of his God. He therefore engages in a training
ritual that puts him on a collision course with Abrahams who
also happens to be a sprinter.
Along the way Abrahams engages Sam Mussabini (Ian Holm), an
Arab-Italian, to train him for future glories. Much to the
dismay of his Cambridge Masters (John Gielgud and Lindsay
Anderson) he seeks excellence for himself first and foremost
and then for his school and country. Opposite him Liddell
seeks greatness in the pursuit of God and thus secondarily
exalts in feeling himself speed ever faster down tracks filled
with fleet footed men.
With the Olympiad fast approaching Liddell learns his qualifying
heats will be on the Sabbath. Refusing to run he causes uproar
within the Olympic committee but is finally persuaded to run
Lord Andrew's quarter mile race, thus opening up the 100-meter
dash to Abrahams in his bid for immortality.
With slow motion effects and the volume turned up on Vangelis's
soundtrack, Montague finishes out of the top three slots in
the steeplechase and Lord Andrew finishes second in the hurdles.
Abrahams beats the much-feared Americans in the dash and Liddell
pulls out the quarter mile to a triumphal lap that leads the
British team home. Over the ending crawl we learn that Liddell
went on to missionary work in China where he died at the end
of World War II while Abrahams became a lawmaker and broadcaster
and died in 1978.
Though
not a particularly layered drama in the sense of suggesting
allegory, metaphor or other such literary models to enliven
the work, Chariots of Fire is a tightly written film that
develops its group of young unknown actors with surprising
facility. Colin Welland's script is filled with interested
historical details like the use of World War I veterans and
the somehow implicit, though viewable class structure of England.
It also sets up certain early 20th century conflicts within
the British Empire made of England, Wales, Ireland, Scotland
and the protectorates and makes ethnic and religious convictions
worthwhile points of consideration rather than being merely
obvious traits for enlivening two-dimensional characters.
Abrahams
and Liddell are well-rounded young men with talents and insight
and not the shallow men they might have appeared to be were
it not for their screen direction or Cross and Charleson's
performances. While Chariots of Fire is an ensemble piece
filled out with the likes of Gielgud and Holm, it is carried
on the shoulders of its leads that fulfill the responsibility
with a sense of purpose.
Taken on the whole the historic struggles of Abrahams and
Liddell is now somehow dismissible from a modern vantage point.
Neither man was an eccentric or psychotic in keeping with
the current standards of our nearly criminal football, soccer
and basketball players. Nor was either man was famous for
exploits off the athletic field like modern athletes who often
times live beyond the ethical bounds of their celebrity. Yet
their accomplishments have also been eclipsed so many times
over subsequent years as to render them amateurish, all the
more so in light of how early Olympiads almost exclusively
featured white European athletes.
The lasting value of Chariots of Fire, then, is that it dares
to equate athletic pursuits with religious conviction and
does so without appearing laughable. It is also focuses on
athletes who are worthy of our respect for genuinely pursuing
individual excellence as much for the glory of achievement
but also because sports fulfill them. In this message about
hard work leading to personal satisfaction the film upholds
the movie tradition of films like Rocky that lie in its wake.
While athletes are a special class of human endowed with unique
physical abilities, they are not above the normal wax and
wane of daily inconvenience. They are also subject to the
same kinds of doubt, vanity, illness and social influence
we find ourselves continually charged with balancing in our
daily lives. Chariots of Fire doesn't focus on these nuances
of its runners' lives but it does manage to suggest how their
experiences aren't conducted in a social vacuum.
Anti-Semitism
is present though not predominant. British classicism is a
theme but is not oppressive. American chauvinism, the usual
thematic by-product of Hollywood movies, is wholly absent.
Historical dress and technology is put in evidence with three-piece
suits, watch chains, leather running shoes, silent movies
and antique cars. Moreover the Olympics become the setting
for personal struggles in a public venue that is often made
quite personal through memorialization and four-year gaps
between games.
The
Academy Awards race of 1981 took place in the second year
of a new decade that was largely focused on melodramas. After
Ordinary People's win for Best Picture in 1980 moviegoers
were treated to a few big screen epics and a number of genre
reinventions. Among the former was Warren Beatty's Oscar-nominated
labor of love, Reds, and among the latter were Steven Spielberg's
Oscar-nominated Raiders of the Lost Ark and the non-competitive
noir update Body Heat and anti-musical Pennies from Heaven.
The other Best Picture nominees were Louis Malle's Atlantic
City, Mark Rydell's On Golden Pond and the eventual winner,
debut director Hugh Hudson's Chariots of Fire.
Giving
new voice to an old American warning of, "the British are
coming, the British are coming", itself redolent with xenophobic
ethnocentrism, many critics of Hudson's movie complained about
how it was a foreign film. In this line of thought the Hollywood
Foreign Press awarded the picture a Golden Globe for Best
Foreign Film, thereby shutting it out of competition for any
of its other awards.
In this way Chariots of Fire is the child of Laurence Olivier's
Hamlet, David Lean's The Bridge on the River Kwai and Carol
Reed's Oliver!, among others, just as much as it's David Puttnam's
production of a Hugh Hudson film. It is an English speaking,
non-American, Academy Award winning movie of the year that
defied the tradition born from Louis B. Mayer's edict to legitimize
Hollywood and is, therefore, an outsider vehicle to be regarded
with a measure of moderation.
It
remains to us a fine picture and is more enjoyable than certain
other Best Pictures like Gandhi and The Last Emperor that
don't warrant repeat viewing. Plus it's got that pulsing score
by Vangelis to inspire would-be coach potatoes to rise and
go to the nearest track for a turn at the quarter mile. Still,
it's not a film for the ages even if it fits the bill for
a sleepy Sunday afternoon.
Watch
it again if you've already seen it because it holds up for
what it is as a little drama with bursts of sports spectacle.
If you haven't already seen it try and clear some space in
your calendar some time in the future. You will undoubtedly
feel something aside from indifference and that's worth your
time spent being entertained.
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