|
Gandhi
(1982)
Cast: Ben Kingsley (Mahatma Gandhi), Candice Bergen
(Margaret Bourke-White), Edward Fox (General Dyer),
John Gielgud (Lord Irwin), Trevor Howard (Judge Broomfield),
John Mills (The Viceroy), Martin Sheen (Vince Walker,
Reporter New York Times), Ian Charleson (Reverend Charlie
Andrews), Athol Fugard (General Jan Christian Smuts),
Günther Maria Halmer (Dr. Herman Kallenbach), Saeed
Jaffrey (Sardar Patel), Geraldine James (Mirabehn),
Alyque Padamsee (Mohammed Ali Jinnah), Amrish Puri (Kahn),
Roshan Seth (Pandit Nehru), Rohini Hattangadi (Kasturba
Gandhi), Nigel Hawthorne (Kinnoch), Daniel Day-Lewis
(Colin), John Ratzenberger (American Lieutenant)
Crew: Direction Richard Attenborough, Writing John
Briley, Producing Richard Attenborough, Music George
Fenton and Ravi Shankar, Cinematography Ronnie Taylor
and Billy Williams, Editing John Bloom, Production Design
Stuart Craig and Robert W. Laing, Art Direction Norman
Dorme, Robert W. Laing and Ram Yedekar, Set Direction
Michael Seirton, Costume Design Bhanu Athaiya and John
Mollo, Makeup Tom Smith, Sound Jonathan Bates, Gerry
Humphreys, Simon Kaye and Robin O'Donoghue, Production
Company Carolina Bank, Goldcrest Films International,
Indo-British, International Film Investors and National
Film Development Corporation of India, Distributor Columbia
Pictures Length: 188 minutes
|
|
Academy
Awards:
· Won for Best Picture (Richard Attenborough) · Won
for Best Director (Richard Attenborough) · Won for Best
Writing, Screenplay Written Directly for the Screen
(John Briley) · Won for Best Actor in a Leading Role
(Ben Kingsley) · Won for Best Art Direction-Set Decoration
(Stuart Craig, Robert W. Laing and Michael Seirton)
· Won for Best Cinematography (Ronnie Taylor and Billy
Williams) · Won for Best Costume Design (Bhanu Athaiya
and John Mollo) · Won for Best Film Editing (John Bloom)
· Nominated for Best Makeup (Tom Smith) · Nominated
for Best Music, Original Score (George Fenton and Ravi
Shankar) · Nominated for Best Sound (Jonathan Bates,
Gerry Humphreys, Simon Kaye and Robin O'Donoghue)
Golden
Globes:
· Won for Best Director - Motion Picture (Richard Attenborough)
· Won for Best Screenplay - Motion Picture (John Briley)
· Won for Best Actor in a Motion Picture - Drama (Ben
Kingsley) · Won for Best Foreign Film (Great Britain)
· New Star of the Year in a Motion Picture - Male (Ben
Kingsley)
|
|
"His Triumph Changed The World Forever," advertising copy
exclaims but for all of Gandhi's scale and quality
the second tagline reading, "The Man of the Century. The Motion
Picture of a Lifetime," rings somehow false. Perhaps it's
because director Richard Attenborough's life's work and culminating
movie masterpiece is so obviously, so totally, so inescapably
in the tradition of old Hollywood screen classics that it's
partially out-of-touch with audiences. Perhaps it's because
we already know the movie's ending since it is, after all,
a biopic about an assassinated public figure. Perhaps it's
because Gandhi won the Best Picture Oscar in a year
that also saw Academy Award nominations for Best Picture fall
to ET and Tootsie along with an announcement
of coming stardom from Australia in the Mel Gibson vehicle
The Road Warrior.
Regardless,
Gandhi is an excellent film though I challenge anyone
to be interested in watching it a second time when considering
its length and impact that remains impressive though nonetheless
unexciting. Not to say it's empty of engaging moments, wonderful
performances and scenes with thematic resonance. Instead
Gandhi is that type of well-crafted art every society
seems capable of producing because it seems to epitomize excellence
even if it also disregards more memorable and revolutionary
sparks of originality.
In its sweeping account of the life and times of Mohandas
K. Gandhi from his rise as a feisty, Western-educated lawyer
through his installation as India's leader and worldwide symbol
of peace, Gandhi remains uniformly fixed on studying
this now-legendary figure within the frame of his life. That
his life was brought to an unnatural conclusion after years
of resistance to the wars between nation states and the rising
climate of man's inhumanity against man means his life is
served as an example as much as it's meant to entertain us.
Implicitly
Gandhi balances this connection between social instruction
and mass entertainment through his on-screen personification
in the stunning performance of Ben Kingsley. The actor's version
of the Indian leader is dead-on accurate with a physical likeness
bearing close resemblance to the historical man while also
being somehow at odds with the conventional screen hero. How
refreshing, how remarkable, how nice is Kingsley's performance
in comparison to other movie phenomena like Indiana Jones
whose early 1980s adventures told of a radically different
screen protagonist in a time lorded over by Reagan and the
musical chairs leadership of the Soviet Republic.
Of course the historical Gandhi's critics have been largely
silenced in favor of beatifying the man and the choice martyrs
the movie like its inspirational source. To complain of Gandhi's
historical inaccuracies, though, to detest or enjoy its
celebrity cameos including Martin Sheen, Candice Bergen, John
Gielgud and the then-unknown George Ratzenberger and Daniel
Day-Lewis, to be silent in light of its sweeping historical
drama or to be indifferent to its lessons is beyond the pall
of polite consideration.
Gandhi
is a prestige picture centered on an unassailable historical
figure. It is also the peak of Richard Attenborough's career
after a long list of contributions to the cinemas of both
Britain and America as both an actor and filmmaker. And it's
the epic-style movie debut of Kingsley who quite literally
bore the movie on his thinning shoulders with a turn of skill
and humanity totally without comparison, that year's noble
work by Paul Newman in The Verdict and Dustin Hoffman's
comic turn in Tootsie included.
Kingsley's
Gandhi is one of the great movie roles although the part remains
outside the usual vein of motion picture action and reaction.
Historical Gandhi's insistence on simplicity, purity and devotion
are traits plotted across time and lack the kind of punch
so necessary to cinematic adventures and action sequences.
Much of his biopic is consumed with giving space for these
more philosophical considerations even as the movie itself
moves through some of the grandest set pieces in cinematic
history, at least from the standpoint of human masses on-screen
if not in the use of special effects.
This
switching from character driven, almost theatrical, scenes
to the more bombastic and exciting sequences involving crowds
and geo-political crises is the divide upon which the film
splits. In the resulting gap lies the consideration of filmmakers
translating a long life of conduct and leadership into big
screen heroism without the usual devotion to bullets and blondes.
Since I come from the extended childhood of serial movie watching,
ancillary markets tie-ins, action figures and media penetration
into all aspects of waking life, I'm not a big fan of highly
produced movies on elevated subjects. Instead I'm interested
in excitement, without relying on coarse vulgarity, provocation
though not without motivation, complexity with clear direction
and I crave surprising originality at every turn.
While it's difficult to feel frustration or disgust with Attenborough's
film, it's also fair to say that seeing it one time is enough.
Kingsley's performance is key. The direction is assured. Supporting
performers are first rate. Production design is top notch.
Altogether the effect is impressive rather than exciting,
educational rather than provocative, simplistic rather than
complex and totally unsurprising from the word go.
Not all of these tendencies are unique to Gandhi. Yet
the opposite tendencies are everywhere true in characterizing
ET that remains more eminently representative of 1982
even if the Academy Award went to Attenborough's exacting
study of one of the twentieth century's most luminous characters.
|